By Jun Ye, Steven T. Cundiff
During the last few years, there was a convergence among the fields of ultrafast technological know-how, nonlinear optics, optical frequency metrology, and precision laser spectroscopy. those fields were constructing principally independently because the beginning of the laser, achieving striking degrees of functionality. at the ultrafast frontier, pulses of just a couple of cycles lengthy were produced, whereas in optical spectroscopy, the precision and backbone have reached one half in even though those achievements seem to be thoroughly disconnected, advances in nonlinear optics supplied the fundamental hyperlink among them. The ensuing convergence has enabled exceptional advances within the keep an eye on of the electrical box of the pulses produced through femtosecond mode-locked lasers. The corresponding spectrum contains a comb of sharp spectral traces with well-defined frequencies. those new options and features are generally called “femtosecond comb know-how. ” they've got had dramatic influence at the assorted fields of precision dimension and severe nonlinear optical physics. The ancient historical past for those advancements is equipped within the Foreword by way of of the pioneers of laser spectroscopy, John corridor and Theodor Hänsch. certainly the advancements defined during this e-book have been foreshadowed by means of Hänsch’s early paintings within the Nineteen Seventies while he used picosecond pulses to illustrate the relationship among the time and frequency domain names in laser spectroscopy. This paintings complemented the advances in precision laser stabilization built by means of corridor.
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Femtosecond optical frequency comb : principle, operation, and applications
During the last few years, there was a convergence among the fields of ultrafast technological know-how, nonlinear optics, optical frequency metrology, and precision laser spectroscopy. those fields were constructing principally independently because the start of the laser, attaining amazing degrees of functionality.
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Sie sind es nämlich, die eine totale Auslöschung des nach der Seite gestreuten Lichts infolge Interferenz der von den einzelnen Streuzentren ausgehenden Partialwellen verhindern. 4 Spektrale Zerlegung Im Gegensatz zu den Verhältnissen, wie sie bei einem Rundfunksender vorliegen, handelte es sich bei den HERTzschen Experimenten um stark gedämpfte (also zeitlich schnell abklingende) Dipolschwingungen, erzeugt mit Hilfe eines Funkeninduktors. Solche Vorgänge begegnen uns auch im atomaren Bereich, etwa bei der spontanen Emission.
56 4 Quantenmechanische Aussagen über das Licht Unterschied konstatieren: Während sich EINSTEIN die Photonen als räumlich lokalisierte Teilchen vorstellte, bezieht sich der quantenmechanische Photonenbegriff auf ein makroskopisches Volumen. Ganz wie in der klassischen Beschreibung ist die Energie also räumlich verteilt. Die "Photonen des Theoretikers", wie wir sie einmal nennen wollen, sind daher etwas ganz anderes als das, was der Experimentator meint, wenn er sagt, es wurde dort und dort ein Photon absorbiert oder mit einem Detektor "nachgewiesen".
Ein fundamentales Ergebnis der quantenmechanischen Beschreibung eines harmonischen Oszillators besteht darin, daß seine Energie in Gestalt äquidistanter Stufen quantisiert ist (Fig. 6). Das gleiche gilt dann also auch für die Energie einer Mode des Strahlungsfeldes, die man sich dem räumlichen Verlauf der Feldintensität entsprechend über das gesamte Modenvolumen verteilt zu denken hat. -I \--------16 x Fig. 6 Energieschema des harmonischen Oszillators. Die Parabel stellt die potentielle Energie als Funktion der Auslenkung x dar.