By G.A. Somorjai, M.A. van Hove
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Additional resources for Adsorbed Monolayers on Solid Surfaces
Example text
This does allow gross (but important) observations such as whether adsorbed atoms lie tucked away between substrate atoms [for example, in the channels of fcc(110) surfaces] or instead are situated in more exposed positions [for example, on the ridges of fcc(1 I0) surfaces]. At high energies 17c), attained by the use of ion accelerators, the cross sections become very small, allowing deep penetration into the surface. But surface sensitivity is maintained by using channeling (penetration along open channels in the bulk crystalline structure) and looking for the blocking of this channeling by surface atoms whose positions deviate from the bulk positions.
Namely, backscattering off any atomic layer is usually weak (forward scattering is not) and therefore scattering paths are ordered according to increasing number of such backscatterings. This method is cast in a convenient iterative form, providing a most efficient computation scheme for interlayer multiple scattering (non-convergence, however, occurs in cases of very strong scattering and small interlayer spacings). The individual layer diffraction properties needed as input to the methods described above are obtained as follows.
These include diffusion along the surface (atoms can be tracked in real time), giving results in agreement with equivalent FIM observations, and pair spacing distributions, showing for example a peak in the distribution near 4-5 A for uranium atoms on a carbon surface lsc). Clustering can be studied in some cases as well. It would be interesting to extend such studies to other light-atom substrates, such as the metals beryllium and aluminium, and to investigate step effects. Heavier-atom surfaces can also be analyzed in the form of thin films of mono-atomic thickness on a lighter substrate, as has recently been done lSd).